Contents
Vol 344, Issue 6186
Special Issue
The Science of Inequality
Introduction to special issue
News
- A world of difference
New data allow researchers to map inequality the world over
- The ancient roots of the 1%
Don't blame farming. Inequality got its start among resource-rich hunter-gatherers
- Our egalitarian Eden
Hunter-gatherers—and presumably all our ancestors—lived as equals
- Tax man's gloomy message: the rich will get richer
With a massive database of income tax records, a French superstar challenges conventional wisdom on inequality
- Physicists say it's simple
If the poor will always be with us, an analogy to the second law of thermodynamics may explain why
- Can disparities be deadly?
Controversial research explores whether living in an unequal society can make people sick
- While emerging economies boom, equality goes bust
Inequality spikes in developing nations around the world
- Tracking who climbs up—and who falls down—the ladder
Researchers seek new ways to understand social mobility and opportunity in America
Reviews
Contents
This Week in Science
Editorial
Editors' Choice
Podcasts
- Science Podcast: 23 May Show
On this week's show: the complex relationship between inequality and health and a roundup of stories from our daily news site
Products & Materials
- New Products
A weekly roundup of information on newly offered instrumentation, apparatus, and laboratory materials of potential interest to researchers
In Brief
- Random Sample
A Curaçao businessman offers his submersible—the "Curasub"—to Smithsonian Institution researchers to study the ocean’s twilight zone, between 200 and 1000 meters. And a graduate student takes tweeting from a meeting to the next level—instead of just 140 characters, he tweets his hand-drawn caricatures of the speakers
- Around the World
In science news around the world, NASA's Kepler mission is re-upped for two more years, the Chinese Academy of Sciences embraces open access, a new Longitude Prize is announced, and more
In Depth
- NASA planners gear up for martian sample return
Engineers and scientists designing the Mars 2020 rover keep an eye on geologic diversity—and the clock
- Replication effort provokes praise—and ‘bullying’ charges
Global network fails to confirm 10 of 27 psychology findings, but some call project an inquisition
- Blockbuster claim could collapse in a cloud of dust
Smoking-gun evidence for cosmic inflation may actually be radiation from within our galaxy
- Doing the math in Berlin
To keep Germany's science from stalling, research minister Johanna Wanka must break a federal-state impasse
- Southern sky dims
Jobs and instruments are at risk as government cuts radio astronomy and other science programs
Feature
- A lonely crusade
For years, bioethicist Carl Elliott has insisted that his university failed a young man who died by suicide during a clinical trial
Working Life
Letters
Books et al.
Policy Forum
- “Undemocracy”: inequalities in science
Inequality, an intrinsic feature of science, has trended upward in recent years
Perspectives
- Lamarck was partially right—and that is good for corals
Tabletop corals can adapt to changing temperature conditions on shorter time scales than previously thought
- Deep mantle matters
Experiments reveal how some deep seismic anomalies near the core-mantle boundary might be generated
- Identifying the infiltrators
Molecular characterization of macrophages reveals distinct types during tumorigenesis
- Record-breaking winters and global climate change
Rising greenhouse gas emissions may have played a role in the severe 2013–2014 winter in the U.S. Midwest
- A unified cause for adrenal Cushing's syndrome
Mutations in a signaling protein underlie a class of functional adrenal tumors
- Testing gauge/gravity duality on a quantum black hole
A numerical test shows that string theory can provide a self-consistent quantization of gravity
- Targeting the host immune response to fight infection
Strategies to modify immune responses to infection can be found in our genome
Research Articles
- Antibodies to PfSEA-1 block parasite egress from RBCs and protect against malaria infection
Antibodies in Tanzanian children identify a malaria vaccine candidate that prevents within-host dispersal of blood-stage parasites
- Disproportionation of (Mg,Fe)SiO3 perovskite in Earth’s deep lower mantle
A presumed dominant mineral in Earth’s interior can disassociate into two phases at lower mantle conditions
Reports
- Holographic description of a quantum black hole on a computer
Numerical simulations of an evaporating black hole are consistent with a quantum description of gravity
- Real-space imaging of molecular structure and chemical bonding by single-molecule inelastic tunneling probe
Vibrational excitation of a carbon monoxide molecule on a scanning tunneling microscope tip reveals bonding within adsorbed molecules
- Global rates of marine sulfate reduction and implications for sub–sea-floor metabolic activities
Up to 89% of microbial cells in the sub–sea floor at continental margins are sustained by fermentation and methanogenesis
- Melting of subducted basalt at the core-mantle boundary
Mid-ocean ridge basalt entrained in the lowermost mantle is consistent with seismic ultra–low velocity zones
- Mechanisms of reef coral resistance to future climate change
The coral Acropora hyacinthus is capable of rapid acclimation to high temperatures
- Ancient DNA reveals elephant birds and kiwi are sister taxa and clarifies ratite bird evolution
Elephant bird mitochondrial sequences suggest that flightless bird ancestors were able to fly and dispersed through flight
- FoxP influences the speed and accuracy of a perceptual decision in Drosophila
Fruit flies engage a subset of mushroom body neurons to gather information before committing to a choice
- Rapid Hebbian axonal remodeling mediated by visual stimulation
Coactivity-triggered release of a retrograde branch-suppressing signal suppresses a presynaptic axonal-growth signal
- Stop codon reassignments in the wild
Metagenomic analysis reveals extensive and diverse stop codon reassignments among environmental microbes and phages
- Activating hotspot L205R mutation in PRKACA and adrenal Cushing’s syndrome
Adrenal Cushing’s syndrome involves recurrent mutations in a key signal transduction pathway
- Recurrent somatic mutations underlie corticotropin-independent Cushing’s syndrome
Adrenal Cushing’s syndrome involves recurrent mutations in a key signal transduction pathway
- The cellular and molecular origin of tumor-associated macrophages
The origins of tumor-associated macrophages in a mouse mammary tumor model are revealed.
Errata
