Contents
28 October 2016
Vol 354, Issue 6311
Vol 354, Issue 6311
Contents
This Week in Science
Editorial
Editors' Choice
Products & Materials
- New Products
A weekly roundup of information on newly offered instrumentation, apparatus, and laboratory materials of potential interest to researchers.
In Brief
In Depth
- Mars lander crash adds to 2020 rover worries
European rover needs €300 million and uses parts like those on doomed Schiaparelli.
- Baby genome screening needs more time to gestate
Unenthused parents and missed diseases mar pilot efforts.
- Hunt for Planet Nine heats up
Discovery of icy worlds in the distant solar system offer new clues in searches for hypothetical giant.
- Climate scientists open up their black boxes to scrutiny
Modelers becoming less hush-hush about tuning, the “secret sauce” that controls fine-scale processes.
- Data Check: How a figure key to new HFC pact was born
Small group of researchers examined how much warming HFC controls could avert.
- Mental health chief to stress neural circuits
Joshua Gordon will also prioritize computational psychiatry and suicide prevention.
Feature
- Pushing the limit
By culturing human embryos for longer than ever, Magdalena Zernicka-Goetz is revealing their “powerful beauty”—and sparking debate.
- After the fall
Some scientists debarred for research misconduct remain on the faculty. How that happens may surprise you.
- Name that offender? It depends
Federal agencies have different policies on disclosure.
Working Life
Letters
Books et al.
- Striking the right chord
A wide-ranging treatise seeks to reshape cities with an eye toward equality and resilience
- Is anyone out there?
A witty romp through the cosmos explores the scientific search for intelligent alien life
Policy Forum
- Making climate science more relevant
Better indicators for risk management are needed after Paris
Perspectives
- The fourth dimension of vegetation
100 years ago, Lennart von Post first used pollen analysis to reconstruct past ecosystems
- The road to speciation runs both ways
Chimpanzees and bonobos show signs of ancestral gene exchange, providing insight into the dynamics of speciation
- A finer look at a fine cellular meshwork
The endoplasmic reticulum is imaged at super-resolution
- Versatile cluster entangled light
Dark excitons are used to entangle strings of hundreds of photons for quantum information processing
- Putting the spotlight on organic sulfur
Diverse dissolved organic sulfur compounds play an active role in ocean biogeochemistry
- Warburg meets epigenetics
Glycolysis promotes T cell function by an epigenetic mechanism
Association Affairs
Research Articles
- Systems-level analysis of mechanisms regulating yeast metabolic flux
Metabolomics, proteomics, and flux analysis are used to dissect quantitatively metabolic regulation in living yeast.
- Increased spatiotemporal resolution reveals highly dynamic dense tubular matrices in the peripheral ER
Superresolution imaging shows that presumed sheets of endoplasmic reticulum comprise tightly packed, constantly changing tubules.
- Deterministic generation of a cluster state of entangled photons
A quantum dot is used to realize entangled cluster states of up to five photons.
Reports
- Gravity field of the Orientale basin from the Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory Mission
Detailed maps of the Moon’s gravitational field reveal structure in the Orientale impact crater.
- Formation of the Orientale lunar multiring basin
Simulations of the formation of the Orientale basin on the Moon reveal the origin of its multiple rings
- Direct frequency comb measurement of OD + CO → DOCO kinetics
A broadband frequency comb tracks the kinetics of a previously elusive intermediate in the oxidation of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide
- Super-dry reforming of methane intensifies CO2 utilization via Le Chatelier’s principle
A two-step isothermal process converts carbon dioxide and methane into carbon monoxide for chemical and fuel production
- Using climate models to estimate the quality of global observational data sets
Climate models can be used to assess the quality of the observational data sets they use.
- Dissolved organic sulfur in the ocean: Biogeochemistry of a petagram inventory
The dissolved fraction of marine organic sulfur is more abundant than all other forms by a factor of 10.
- A disynaptic feedback network activated by experience promotes the integration of new granule cells
Incorporation of new neurons into a preexisting network is done “on demand” in response to the electrical activity of mature neurons within the network.
- Climate change: The 2015 Paris Agreement thresholds and Mediterranean basin ecosystems
Global warming above 1.5°C will likely change Mediterranean ecosystems in ways unprecedented in the Holocene record.
- Xist recruits the X chromosome to the nuclear lamina to enable chromosome-wide silencing
A noncoding RNA recruits the X chromosome to the nuclear periphery, spreading across the chromosome and silencing gene expression.
- Senescent intimal foam cells are deleterious at all stages of atherosclerosis
Senescent macrophages contribute to early and late stages of atherosclerosis and are potential targets for therapy.
- Chimpanzee genomic diversity reveals ancient admixture with bonobos
Genome sequences reveal ancient interbreeding between chimpanzees and bonobos.
- Aerobic glycolysis promotes T helper 1 cell differentiation through an epigenetic mechanism
Immunological T cell effector functions are promoted by metabolic activity–modifying levels of histone acetylation.
From the AAAS Office of Publishing and Member Services
About The Cover
COVER A view of the 930-kilometer Orientale impact basin on the Moon. A simulated digital terrain model is rendered 1 day after full moon. Overlain in color are gravitational anomalies measured by the Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory (GRAIL) spacecraft. Red indicates stronger-than-average gravity (blue, weaker), due to the topography and density of the underlying rocks. See pages 438 and 441.
Image: Ernest Wright, NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center Scientific Visualization Studio
