Review
Grand challenges in the science of wind energy
- Paul Veers1,*,
- Katherine Dykes2,*,
- Eric Lantz1,*,
- Stephan Barth3,
- Carlo L. Bottasso4,
- Ola Carlson5,
- Andrew Clifton6,
- Johney Green1,
- Peter Green1,
- Hannele Holttinen7,
- Daniel Laird1,
- Ville Lehtomäki8,
- Julie K. Lundquist1,9,
- James Manwell10,
- Melinda Marquis11,
- Charles Meneveau12,
- Patrick Moriarty1,
- Xabier Munduate13,
- Michael Muskulus14,
- Jonathan Naughton15,
- Lucy Pao16,
- Joshua Paquette17,
- Joachim Peinke3,18,
- Amy Robertson1,
- Javier Sanz Rodrigo13,
- Anna Maria Sempreviva2,
- J. Charles Smith19,
- Aidan Tuohy20,
- Ryan Wiser21
- 1National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO, USA.
- 2Department of Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
- 3ForWind - Center for Wind Energy Research, Oldenburg, Germany.
- 4Wind Energy Institute, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany.
- 5Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
- 6WindForS - Wind Energy Research Cluster, Stuttgart, Germany.
- 7Recognis Oy, Espoo, Finland.
- 8Kjeller Vindteknikk Oy, Espoo, Finland.
- 9Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.
- 10Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA.
- 11NOAA Global Systems Division, Boulder, CO, USA.
- 12Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- 13National Renewable Energy Center of Spain, Navarre, Spain.
- 14Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
- 15Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA.
- 16Department of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.
- 17Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
- 18Institute of Physics, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.
- 19Energy Systems Integration Group, Reston, VA, USA.
- 20Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
- 21Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
- ↵*Corresponding author. Email: paul.veers{at}nrel.gov (P.V.); kady{at}dtu.dk (K.D.); eric.lantz{at}nrel.gov (E.L.)
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Science 25 Oct 2019:
Vol. 366, Issue 6464, eaau2027
DOI: 10.1126/science.aau2027
Vol. 366, Issue 6464, eaau2027
DOI: 10.1126/science.aau2027
Paul Veers
National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO, USA.
Katherine Dykes
Department of Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
Eric Lantz
National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO, USA.
Stephan Barth
ForWind - Center for Wind Energy Research, Oldenburg, Germany.
Carlo L. Bottasso
Wind Energy Institute, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany.
Ola Carlson
Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Andrew Clifton
WindForS - Wind Energy Research Cluster, Stuttgart, Germany.
Johney Green
National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO, USA.
Peter Green
National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO, USA.
Hannele Holttinen
Recognis Oy, Espoo, Finland.
Daniel Laird
National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO, USA.
Ville Lehtomäki
Kjeller Vindteknikk Oy, Espoo, Finland.
Julie K. Lundquist
National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO, USA.Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.
James Manwell
Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA.
Melinda Marquis
NOAA Global Systems Division, Boulder, CO, USA.
Charles Meneveau
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Patrick Moriarty
National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO, USA.
Xabier Munduate
National Renewable Energy Center of Spain, Navarre, Spain.
Michael Muskulus
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
Jonathan Naughton
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA.
Lucy Pao
Department of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.
Joshua Paquette
Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
Joachim Peinke
ForWind - Center for Wind Energy Research, Oldenburg, Germany.Institute of Physics, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.
Amy Robertson
National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO, USA.
Javier Sanz Rodrigo
National Renewable Energy Center of Spain, Navarre, Spain.
Anna Maria Sempreviva
Department of Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
J. Charles Smith
Energy Systems Integration Group, Reston, VA, USA.
Aidan Tuohy
Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Ryan Wiser
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
