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Summary
Since U.S. regulators approved a retinal prosthesis for blind people in 2014, about 350 people have received the implant, which replaces signals from light-sensing cells lost in the genetic condition retinitis pigmentosa. But because that device restores only a relatively crude form of vision, several groups are now aiming to raise the bar. Some of their approaches deliver jolts of electricity to cells in the eye or brain; others harness optogenetics, a technique for activating cells with light.
