PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Koob, GF
AU  - Bloom, FE
TI  - Cellular and molecular mechanisms of drug dependence
AID  - 10.1126/science.2903550
DP  - 1988 Nov 04
TA  - Science
PG  - 715--723
VI  - 242
IP  - 4879
4099  - http://science.sciencemag.org/content/242/4879/715.short
4100  - http://science.sciencemag.org/content/242/4879/715.full
SO  - Science1988 Nov 04; 242
AB  - The molecular and cellular actions of three classes of abused drugs--opiates, psychostimulants, and ethanol--are reviewed in the context of behavioral studies of drug dependence. The immediate effects of drugs are compared to those observed after long-term exposure. A neurobiological basis for drug dependence is proposed from the linkage between the cellular and behavioral effects of these drugs.