RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Electric Field Effect in Atomically Thin Carbon Films JF Science JO Science FD American Association for the Advancement of Science SP 666 OP 669 DO 10.1126/science.1102896 VO 306 IS 5696 A1 Novoselov, K. S. A1 Geim, A. K. A1 Morozov, S. V. A1 Jiang, D. A1 Zhang, Y. A1 Dubonos, S. V. A1 Grigorieva, I. V. A1 Firsov, A. A. YR 2004 UL http://science.sciencemag.org/content/306/5696/666.abstract AB We describe monocrystalline graphitic films, which are a few atoms thick but are nonetheless stable under ambient conditions, metallic, and of remarkably high quality. The films are found to be a two-dimensional semimetal with a tiny overlap between valence and conductance bands, and they exhibit a strong ambipolar electric field effect such that electrons and holes in concentrations up to 1013 per square centimeter and with room-temperature mobilities of ∼10,000 square centimeters per volt-second can be induced by applying gate voltage.