RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Electric Field Effect in Atomically Thin Carbon Films
JF Science
JO Science
FD American Association for the Advancement of Science
SP 666
OP 669
DO 10.1126/science.1102896
VO 306
IS 5696
A1 Novoselov, K. S.
A1 Geim, A. K.
A1 Morozov, S. V.
A1 Jiang, D.
A1 Zhang, Y.
A1 Dubonos, S. V.
A1 Grigorieva, I. V.
A1 Firsov, A. A.
YR 2004
UL http://science.sciencemag.org/content/306/5696/666.abstract
AB We describe monocrystalline graphitic films, which are a few atoms thick but are nonetheless stable under ambient conditions, metallic, and of remarkably high quality. The films are found to be a two-dimensional semimetal with a tiny overlap between valence and conductance bands, and they exhibit a strong ambipolar electric field effect such that electrons and holes in concentrations up to 1013 per square centimeter and with room-temperature mobilities of ∼10,000 square centimeters per volt-second can be induced by applying gate voltage.