RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 A Strategy for Modulation of Enzymes in the Ubiquitin System JF Science JO Science FD American Association for the Advancement of Science SP 590 OP 595 DO 10.1126/science.1230161 VO 339 IS 6119 A1 Ernst, Andreas A1 Avvakumov, George A1 Tong, Jiefei A1 Fan, Yihui A1 Zhao, Yanling A1 Alberts, Philipp A1 Persaud, Avinash A1 Walker, John R. A1 Neculai, Ana-Mirela A1 Neculai, Dante A1 Vorobyov, Andrew A1 Garg, Pankaj A1 Beatty, Linda A1 Chan, Pak-Kei A1 Juang, Yu-Chi A1 Landry, Marie-Claude A1 Yeh, Christina A1 Zeqiraj, Elton A1 Karamboulas, Konstantina A1 Allali-Hassani, Abdellah A1 Vedadi, Masoud A1 Tyers, Mike A1 Moffat, Jason A1 Sicheri, Frank A1 Pelletier, Laurence A1 Durocher, Daniel A1 Raught, Brian A1 Rotin, Daniela A1 Yang, Jianhua A1 Moran, Michael F. A1 Dhe-Paganon, Sirano A1 Sidhu, Sachdev S. YR 2013 UL http://science.sciencemag.org/content/339/6119/590.abstract AB The ubiquitin system regulates virtually all aspects of cellular function. We report a method to target the myriad enzymes that govern ubiquitination of protein substrates. We used massively diverse combinatorial libraries of ubiquitin variants to develop inhibitors of four deubiquitinases (DUBs) and analyzed the DUB-inhibitor complexes with crystallography. We extended the selection strategy to the ubiquitin conjugating (E2) and ubiquitin ligase (E3) enzymes and found that ubiquitin variants can also enhance enzyme activity. Last, we showed that ubiquitin variants can bind selectively to ubiquitin-binding domains. Ubiquitin variants exhibit selective function in cells and thus enable orthogonal modulation of specific enzymatic steps in the ubiquitin system.