Table 1 Summary of reproducibility rates and effect sizes for original and replication studies overall and by journal/discipline.

df/N refers to the information on which the test of the effect was based (for example, df of t test, denominator df of F test, sample size –3 of correlation, and sample size for z and χ²). Four original results had P values slightly higher than 0.05 but were considered positive results in the original article and are treated that way here. Exclusions (explanation provided in supplementary materials, A3) are “replications P < 0.05” (3 original nulls excluded; n = 97 studies); “mean original and replication effect sizes” (3 excluded; n = 97 studies); “meta-analytic mean estimates” (27 excluded; n = 73 studies); “percent meta-analytic (P < 0.05)” (25 excluded; n = 75 studies); and, “percent original effect size within replication 95% CI” (5 excluded, n = 95 studies).